See commotion on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "commotion lotion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "commotional"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*m(y)ewh₁-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "commocion"
},
"expansion": "Middle French commocion",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "commōtiōnem"
},
"expansion": "Latin commōtiōnem",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "commoveō",
"3": "-tiō",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "commoveō + -tiō",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French commocion, from Latin commōtiōnem, accusative singular of commōtiō, from commoveō + -tiō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "commotions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "commotion (countable and uncountable, plural commotions)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"meronyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "din"
}
],
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "bedlam"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "disorder - a disturbance of civic peace or of public order"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "fight"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A state of turbulent motion."
],
"id": "en-commotion-en-noun-2j7W1jaZ",
"links": [
[
"turbulent",
"turbulent"
],
[
"motion",
"motion"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "irarancʻum",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "իրարանցում"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "turbuléncija",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбуле́нция"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sumatóha",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сумато́ха"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "commoció"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "騷動"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sāodòng",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "骚动"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "kiehunta"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "kiehuminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "kuohunta"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "kuohuminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Aufregung"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "whakatioro"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "tūkōripi"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comoção"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "turbuléncija",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбуле́нция"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sumatóxa",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сумато́ха"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "conmoción"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rimowe-manaedje"
}
]
},
{
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"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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{
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"_dis": "1 98 1",
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"_dis": "11 68 21",
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"_dis": "7 85 7",
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"_dis": "11 67 21",
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"_dis": "8 70 22",
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"_dis": "7 86 7",
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],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 97–98:",
"text": "It would seem as if calm were necessary to convulsion; for the tranquillity of the last few months was again to be disturbed by political commotion.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 19, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:",
"text": "When Timothy and Julia hurried up the staircase to the bedroom floor, where a considerable commotion was taking place, Tim took Barry Leach with him. He had him gripped firmly by the arm, since he felt it was not safe to let him loose, and he had no immediate idea what to do with him.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An agitated disturbance or a hubbub."
],
"id": "en-commotion-en-noun-2OWvSP71",
"links": [
[
"agitate",
"agitate"
],
[
"disturbance",
"disturbance"
],
[
"hubbub",
"hubbub"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "irarancʻum",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "իրարանցում"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vǎlnenie",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вълнение"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smut",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "смут"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "commoció"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avalot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esvalot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aldarull"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rozruch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pozdvižení"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mela"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "kiehunta"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "kiehuminen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "kiehumistila"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "hulina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "hälinä"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "melske"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "tohina"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Spektakel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Theater"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zirkus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Aufstand"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tumult"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Aufruhr"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "thórubos",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "θόρυβος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "anfais"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clampar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jiral",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "지랄"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "hera",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "ھەرا"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turba"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tumultus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "whakatioro"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "tararau"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "heihei"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "tūkōripi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "khaḷbaḷ",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "खळबळ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "gondhaḷ",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "गोंधळ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "haṅgāmā",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "हंगामा"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Krom"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zamieszanie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bigos"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comoção"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "freamăt"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sumatóxa",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сумато́ха"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "volnénije",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "волне́ние"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sumjática",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сумя́тица"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smúta",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сму́та"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ùpraid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "haḍāviḍi",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "హడావిడి"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rimowe-manaedje"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cynnwrf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "wlm",
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "kynnwryf"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 99 1",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "tuml",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "טומל"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English euphemisms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Fanny Hill",
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"text": "and now, glancing my eyes towards that part of his dress which cover'd the essential object of enjoyment, I plainly discover'd the swell and commotion there",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sexual excitement."
],
"id": "en-commotion-en-noun-CDjBKWMR",
"raw_glosses": [
"(euphemistic) Sexual excitement."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"euphemistic",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəˈməʊ.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
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},
{
"ipa": "/kəˈmoʊ.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊʃən"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "ado"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "argy-bargy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "bangarang"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "bobbery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "brouhaha"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "bunfight"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "bustle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "bust-up"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "chaos"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "clamour"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "clatter"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "commotion"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "disruption"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "disturbance"
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{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "flap"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "foofaraw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "fracas"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "furor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "fuss"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "hobbleshaw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "hoo-ha"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "hoo-hah"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "hubbub"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "hullabaloo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "hurly-burly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "kerfuffle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "mayhem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "merry hell"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "outcry"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "palaver"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "pandemonium"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "pother"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "quarrel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "riot"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "rowdydow"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "ruckus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "rumpus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "shemozzle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "shindy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "splatterdash"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "stir"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "stooshie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "three-ring circus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "to-do"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "tomfoolery"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "trouble"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "tumult"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "turmoil"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "uproar"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "upstir"
}
],
"word": "commotion"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "commotions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "commotion f (plural commotions)",
"name": "fr-noun"
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],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "69 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a violent collision or shock; concussion"
],
"id": "en-commotion-fr-noun-91FuHxxl",
"links": [
[
"violent",
"violent"
],
[
"collision",
"collision"
],
[
"shock",
"shock"
],
[
"concussion",
"concussion"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shock, surprise"
],
"id": "en-commotion-fr-noun-ryktb0H9",
"links": [
[
"shock",
"shock"
],
[
"surprise",
"surprise"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
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],
"word": "commotion"
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{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *m(y)ewh₁-",
"English uncountable nouns",
"English undefined derivations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Rhymes:English/əʊʃən",
"Rhymes:English/əʊʃən/3 syllables",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Middle Welsh translations",
"Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Telugu translations",
"Terms with Walloon translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "commotion lotion"
},
{
"word": "commotional"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
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"2": "ine-pro",
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"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "frm",
"3": "commocion"
},
"expansion": "Middle French commocion",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "commōtiōnem"
},
"expansion": "Latin commōtiōnem",
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},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "commoveō",
"3": "-tiō",
"nocat": "1"
},
"expansion": "commoveō + -tiō",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French commocion, from Latin commōtiōnem, accusative singular of commōtiō, from commoveō + -tiō.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "commotions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "~"
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"expansion": "commotion (countable and uncountable, plural commotions)",
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"meronyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "din"
}
],
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "bedlam"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "disorder - a disturbance of civic peace or of public order"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "fight"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A state of turbulent motion."
],
"links": [
[
"turbulent",
"turbulent"
],
[
"motion",
"motion"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], volume III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, pages 97–98:",
"text": "It would seem as if calm were necessary to convulsion; for the tranquillity of the last few months was again to be disturbed by political commotion.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 19, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:",
"text": "When Timothy and Julia hurried up the staircase to the bedroom floor, where a considerable commotion was taking place, Tim took Barry Leach with him. He had him gripped firmly by the arm, since he felt it was not safe to let him loose, and he had no immediate idea what to do with him.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An agitated disturbance or a hubbub."
],
"links": [
[
"agitate",
"agitate"
],
[
"disturbance",
"disturbance"
],
[
"hubbub",
"hubbub"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English euphemisms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Fanny Hill",
"ref": "1749, [John Cleland], “(Please specify the letter or volume)”, in Memoirs of a Woman of Pleasure [Fanny Hill], London: […] [Thomas Parker] for G. Fenton [i.e., Fenton and Ralph Griffiths] […], →OCLC:",
"text": "and now, glancing my eyes towards that part of his dress which cover'd the essential object of enjoyment, I plainly discover'd the swell and commotion there",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Sexual excitement."
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(euphemistic) Sexual excitement."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"euphemistic",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/kəˈməʊ.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
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},
{
"ipa": "/kəˈmoʊ.ʃən/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əʊʃən"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "ado"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"tags": [
"UK"
],
"word": "argy-bargy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "bangarang"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "bobbery"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "brouhaha"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "bunfight"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "bustle"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "bust-up"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "chaos"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "clamour"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "clatter"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "commotion"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "disruption"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "disturbance"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "flap"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "foofaraw"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "fracas"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "furor"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "fuss"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "hobbleshaw"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "hoo-ha"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "hoo-hah"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "hubbub"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "hullabaloo"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "hurly-burly"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "kerfuffle"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "mayhem"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "merry hell"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "outcry"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "palaver"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "pandemonium"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "pother"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "quarrel"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "riot"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "rowdydow"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "ruckus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "rumpus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "shemozzle"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"tags": [
"slang"
],
"word": "shindy"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "splatterdash"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "stir"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"tags": [
"Scotland"
],
"word": "stooshie"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "three-ring circus"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "to-do"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "tomfoolery"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "trouble"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "tumult"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "turmoil"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "uproar"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:commotion",
"word": "upstir"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "irarancʻum",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "իրարանցում"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "turbuléncija",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбуле́нция"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "sumatóha",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сумато́ха"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "commoció"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "騷動"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "sāodòng",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "骚动"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "kiehunta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "kiehuminen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "kuohunta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "kuohuminen"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Aufregung"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "whakatioro"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"word": "tūkōripi"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comoção"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "turbuléncija",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "турбуле́нция"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sumatóxa",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сумато́ха"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "conmoción"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "state of turbulent motion",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rimowe-manaedje"
},
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"roman": "irarancʻum",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "իրարանցում"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vǎlnenie",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "вълнение"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "smut",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "смут"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "commoció"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "avalot"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esvalot"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "aldarull"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rozruch"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pozdvižení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "mela"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "kiehunta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "kiehuminen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "kiehumistila"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "hulina"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "hälinä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "melske"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "tohina"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Spektakel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Theater"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Zirkus"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Aufstand"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Tumult"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Aufruhr"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "thórubos",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "θόρυβος"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "anfais"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "clampar"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "jiral",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "지랄"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "hera",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "ھەرا"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "turba"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tumultus"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "whakatioro"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "tararau"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "heihei"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "tūkōripi"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "khaḷbaḷ",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "खळबळ"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "gondhaḷ",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "गोंधळ"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "haṅgāmā",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "हंगामा"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Krom"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "zamieszanie"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bigos"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "comoção"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "freamăt"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sumatóxa",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сумато́ха"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "volnénije",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "волне́ние"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sumjática",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сумя́тица"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "smúta",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "сму́та"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ùpraid"
},
{
"code": "te",
"lang": "Telugu",
"roman": "haḍāviḍi",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "హడావిడి"
},
{
"code": "wa",
"lang": "Walloon",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "rimowe-manaedje"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "cynnwrf"
},
{
"code": "wlm",
"lang": "Middle Welsh",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"word": "kynnwryf"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "tuml",
"sense": "agitated disturbance or a hubbub",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "טומל"
}
],
"word": "commotion"
}
{
"categories": [
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine nouns",
"French lemmas",
"French nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "commotions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "commotion f (plural commotions)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a violent collision or shock; concussion"
],
"links": [
[
"violent",
"violent"
],
[
"collision",
"collision"
],
[
"shock",
"shock"
],
[
"concussion",
"concussion"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"shock, surprise"
],
"links": [
[
"shock",
"shock"
],
[
"surprise",
"surprise"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-WikiLucas00-commotion.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-commotion.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-commotion.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9b/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-commotion.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-WikiLucas00-commotion.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "commotion"
}
Download raw JSONL data for commotion meaning in All languages combined (17.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.